The Moods of the Verb: the Subjunctive
The mood is one of a set of distinctive verb forms that are used to express modality. There are 3 moods in Russian: the Indicative, Subjunctive and Imperative.
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The verb expresses real actions in the present, past or future tense. | The verb names a conditional action that could have happened (could happen) under certain circumstances. | The verb expresses an order, incentive, request,warning or advice. |
The Subjunctive mood
The subjunctive mood has 2 meanings: conditional and wishful.
- Conditional is used in complex sentences with subordinate clauses: Если бы ты не победил ты не получил бы приза.
If you hadn't won you would not have gotten the prize.
- Wishful is used in simple sentences :
Я бы слетал в Сочи и позагорал. I'd like to go to Sochi and sunbathe. The subjunctive is formed using the past tense form of the verb and the particle БЫ (sometimes Б): выиграл бы, пришел бы, она б сказала (would have won, would have come, she would have said ).
The subjunctive is not modified by person: Я решил бы, ты решил бы (I would have decided, you would have decided)
However it is modified by gender and number: решила бы, решило бы, решили бы
The tense category is not applicable.